Cited 407 times since 2011 (31.4 per year) source: EuropePMC Journal of surgical oncology, Volume 104, Issue 3, 14 2 2011, Pages 323-332 The clinical use of indocyanine green as a near-infrared fluorescent contrast agent for image-guided oncologic surgery. Schaafsma BE, Mieog JS, Hutteman M, van der Vorst JR, Kuppen PJ, Löwik CW, Frangioni JV, van de Velde CJ, Vahrmeijer AL

Optical imaging using near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence provides new prospects for general and oncologic surgery. ICG is currently utilised in NIR fluorescence cancer-related surgery for three indications: sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping, intraoperative identification of solid tumours, and angiography during reconstructive surgery. Therefore, understanding its advantages and limitations is of significant importance. Although non-targeted and non-conjugatable, ICG appears to be laying the foundation for more widespread use of NIR fluorescence-guided surgery.

J Surg Oncol. 2011 4;104(3):323-332